北京市送水公司

纯净水和矿泉水的区别，到底该怎样喝水？

How do we drink water from the difference between pure water and mineral water?

1.形成的区别

1. the difference formed

自来水是由天然水通过输水管自流（或经一级泵房提水加压）入水厂，在进入净水构筑物之前，投加混凝剂——h2so4铝或聚合氯化铝，加石灰提高原水碱度和预加氯（视原水水质而定）后，进入网格反应池混凝形成矾花，流经蜂窝斜管沉淀池进行沉淀分离，再经过气水反冲洗滤池进行过滤，进入清水池后加氯消毒，停留一定时间后经过二级泵房加压输送到供水管网，供生活饮用和生产使用。

The tap water is flowed into the water plant by the natural water through the pipeline (or pressurized by the primary pump house). Before entering the water purification structure, the coagulant-h2so4 aluminum or polyaluminium chloride is added, the alkalinity of the raw water is improved by adding lime and pre-chlorination (depending on the quality of the raw water), then the alum is coagulated into the grid reaction tank and flowed through the bee. The pit inclined pipe sedimentation tank is separated by precipitation, filtered by air-water backwash filter, disinfected by chlorine after entering the clean water tank, and then transported to the water supply pipe network through the secondary pump house for drinking and production after a certain period of time.

纯净水是以符合生活饮用水卫生标准的水为原料，采用多种工艺，把水中的重金属、三卤甲烷、有机物、放射性物质、微生物等有害、有毒、有异味物大部分去掉，消除对人体健康的直接和潜在危害，然后以桶装的形式上市销售，供给人们饮用。

Purified water is a kind of water which meets the hygienic standard of drinking water as raw material. It uses a variety of processes to remove most of the harmful, toxic and odorous substances such as heavy metals, trihalomethane, organic matter, radioactive substances and microorganisms in the water, eliminating the direct and potential hazards to human health, and then it is sold in the form of barrels. It is sold to people to drink.

矿泉水的形成是复杂的。它是由地下水流经了含有不同组分的岩层，经溶滤作用、阴阳离子交换吸附、生物地球化学等一系列物理、化学作用，使岩石中的微量和常量组分进入了地下水，富集到一定程度而形成各种不同类型的矿泉水。

The formation of mineral water is complex. It is a series of physical and chemical processes, such as leaching, anion and cation exchange adsorption, biogeochemistry, etc. through the groundwater flowing through the rocks containing different components, the trace and constant components in the rocks enter the groundwater and enrich to a certain extent to form various types of mineral water.

2.成分的区别。

The difference between the 2. components.

自来水是通过自来水公司处理过的供生活和生产的使用水，它含有二氯化合物等多种物质，还含有如Ca、Mg、Cl等离子及微量的细菌如大肠杆菌，另外还有一些其他的溶质。其中我国国家标准GB5749-85中规定：若只经过加氯消毒后供作生活饮用水的水源水，总大肠杆菌平均每升不得超过1000个，经过净化处理及加氯消毒后供作生活饮用水的水源水，总大肠杆菌平均每升不得超过10000个。

Tap water is water that has been treated by tap water companies for daily use and production. It contains a variety of substances such as dichloride, as well as plasma such as Ca, Mg, Cl and trace bacteria such as Escherichia coli, as well as other solutes. Among them, the national standard GB5749-85 stipulates that if only the source water is chlorinated and disinfected for drinking water, the total E. coli should not exceed 1000 per liter on average, and the total E. coli should not exceed 1000 per liter after purification and chlorination disinfection for drinking water.

纯净水是通过蒸馏、反渗透等技术来净化原水的，而在去除有害物质的同时，也除去了几乎所有对人体有益的微量元素和矿物质。它是不含任何杂质,无毒无菌,易被人体吸收的含氧活性水。

Purified water is purified by distillation, reverse osmosis and other technologies, while removing harmful substances, it also removes almost all trace elements and minerals beneficial to human body. It is an oxygenated active water without any impurities, non-toxic and sterile, and easily absorbed by human body.

矿泉水和自来水、纯净水不同，它含有锂、锶、锌、碘、硒等20多种微量元素和矿物质，有的还含有比较丰富的宏量元素，如富含Ga、Mg、K、Na等离子。

Mineral water is different from tap water and pure water. It contains more than 20 kinds of trace elements and minerals, such as lithium, strontium, zinc, iodine, selenium, etc. Some of them also contain abundant macroelements, such as rich in Ga, Mg, K, Na plasma.

到底应该如何饮水？

How should we drink water?

能解渴的自来水：自来水要煮开来喝。这样可以杀灭其中的细菌，同时也可以将大多数挥发性的有机物（如三卤甲烷）在煮沸后除去。

Tap water that can quench thirst: tap water to boil and drink. This kills the bacteria and removes most of the volatile organic compounds, such as trihalomethane, from boiling.

纯净水不能作为唯一饮用水：纯净水是直接可以饮用的水，无所谓加热或者煮沸，夏天一般凉饮，冬天加热后饮用的多。

Pure water can not be used as the only drinking water: pure water is directly drinkable water, it does not matter heating or boiling, generally cold drink in summer, winter after heating more to drink.

纯净水的优缺点相伴相生，精细过滤在过滤掉有害物质和微生物的同时，也会将水中对人体有益的矿物质成分过滤掉，因此，纯净水比自来水要更加干净，毫无杂质，所以它一般用在医疗方面。纯净水非常干净，但如果将纯净水作为日常生活的唯一饮用水则不太合适，因为它不能提供我们身体需要的一些矿物质和微量元素，长期饮用还会带走我们身体本来的微量元素。

Pure water has advantages and disadvantages. Fine filtration filters out harmful substances and microorganisms as well as minerals that are beneficial to human health. Therefore, pure water is cleaner and free of impurities than tap water, so it is generally used in medical treatment. Pure water is very clean, but it is not appropriate to use pure water as the only drinking water in our daily life, because it does not provide some minerals and trace elements that our bodies need, and long-term drinking will take away the trace elements of our bodies.

矿泉水是健康的饮用水：世界水文化研究会会长、著名水营养专家李复兴教授说，“凡是优质矿泉水都有四个作用，第一促进健康，第二辅助疗效作用，第三发挥药效作用，第四带来美丽。”全国饮用水卫生组组长、上海医科大学教授、博士生导师朱慧刚说：“矿泉水和一般饮用水不同，它含有锂、锶、锌、碘、硒等微量元素，有的还含有比较丰富的宏量元素，因而它能补充人体所需的微量元素和宏量元素，调节人体的酸碱平衡，这些特点都是一般饮用水所不具备的。矿泉水是健康饮水之冠。”

Mineral water is a healthy drinking water: Professor Li Fuxing, president of the World Water Culture Research Association and a famous water nutrition expert, said, "All high-quality mineral water has four functions, the first is to promote health, the second is to supplement the curative effect, the third is to play the role of pharmacodynamics, the fourth is to bring beauty." Zhu Huigang, professor and doctoral advisor of Shanghai Medical University, chairman of the National Drinking Water Sanitation Group, said: "Mineral water is different from ordinary drinking water. It contains lithium, strontium, zinc, iodine, selenium and other trace elements, and some also contain relatively abundant macro elements, so it can supplement trace elements and macro elements needed by the human body and regulate them." The human body's acid-base balance is not available in ordinary drinking water. Mineral water is the top of healthy drinking water.

矿泉水中含有的微量元素因为是天然形成，呈阴、阳离子状态，比较容易被人体吸收，吸收率较高。而食物中的矿物质和微量元素，由于受植纤维和植酸的影响，吸收率多数不到30%。

Mineral water contains trace elements because it is naturally formed, anionic, cationic state, more easily absorbed by the human body, the absorption rate is higher. However, the minerals and trace elements in food are mostly less than 30% due to the influence of phytic fiber and phytic acid.

矿泉水一般不应加热，可以稍微加温，最好不要煮沸。因为矿泉水含有钙、镁等宏量元素呈较多，有一定硬度，在常温下呈离子状态，加温煮沸后钙、镁等离子易与碳酸根生成水垢析出，所以矿泉水最佳饮用方法是在常温下直接饮用。

Mineral water should not be heated normally. It can be slightly heated. It is best not to boil. Because mineral water contains a lot of macro elements such as calcium and magnesium, and has a certain degree of hardness, which is in the state of ion at room temperature. Calcium and magnesium plasma after boiling is easy to form scales and precipitate with carbonate, so the best drinking method of mineral water is to drink directly at room temperature.