什么是纯净水 |
添加时间:2018/7/9 16:43:47 浏览次数: |
什么是纯净水
What is pure water
什么是纯净水?顾名思义,纯净水以纯为特点,不含任何杂质(如有机污染物、无机盐、添加剂和各类杂质),可以有效避免各类病菌对人体的侵入,具有很强的溶解性,促进新陈代谢的效用明显,因此,可以安全有效地补充人体所需水分。换个角度来解释纯净水,经纯化处理后的水就叫纯净水,因宇航员最早饮用的是这种水,故也叫太空水。对于纯净水,还有几个概念需要大家清楚。
What is pure water? As the name suggests, pure water YISHION is characterized by no impurities (such as organic pollutants, inorganic salts, additives and various impurities), which can effectively avoid the invasion of all kinds of pathogens to the human body, have strong solubility, and promote the effectiveness of metabolism. Therefore, the moisture of the human body can be safely and effectively supplemented. In other words, purified water is purified water, which is called pure water, because astronauts first drank this kind of water, so it is also called space water. For pure water, there are still several concepts that need to be clearly understood.
◎ 纯净水的纯度:纯净水到底有多纯,可以用TDS测试笔来进行测定。
Purity of pure water: pure water is pure and can be determined by TDS test pen.
◎ 纯净水的感官指标:色度、浊度、臭味、肉眼可见物。
The sensory indicators of pure water are chroma, turbidity, odour and visible objects.
这几个指标是纯净水质量控制中的最基本指标,其制定的标准值参照了饮用水的标准,而目前大多数厂家生产纯净水的水源是自来水,经过粗滤、精滤和去离子净化都能达到国家标准所要求的数值。
These indexes are the most basic indexes in the quality control of pure water. The standard values made by them refer to the standard of drinking water. At present, most of the producers of pure water are tap water, which can reach the number required by the national standard through coarse filtration, fine filtration and deionized purification.
关于纯净水,人们普遍的疑虑还是关于钾、钙、镁、铁、锶、锌等人体必需的矿物质的消失。唯物辩证法认为,任何事物都具有两面性。因此,与
As for pure water, the general doubt is about the disappearance of essential minerals such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, strontium and zinc. Materialist dialectics holds that everything has two sides. So,
矿泉水相比较而言,纯净水在除去有害物质及杂质的同时,不可避免地也除去了水中的营养成分,但水中的营养物质对人体的影响甚微。相反,水中的有害物质对人体的伤害却是长期且巨大的。然而在地下水污染日益严重的今天,大多数取自天然的矿泉水只是进行了浅层处理,即其在保留矿物质和营养物质的同时,也残留了对人体无益的有害物质,而这些有害物质可能包括致癌物,即使是非常小的量,也会对人体产生危害。
Compared with the mineral water phase, the pure water, while removing the harmful substances and impurities, inevitably removes the nutrients in the water, but the nutrients in the water have little influence on the human body. On the contrary, the harmful substances in water are harmful to the human body for a long time. However, in today's increasingly serious groundwater pollution, most of the natural mineral water is only processed in shallow layers, that is, it remains unbeneficial to the human body while retaining minerals and nutrients, which may include carcinogens, that is, a very small amount and will be produced in the human body. It is harmful to life.
接下来,让我们看看纯净水在生活中有哪些功能?
Next, let's see what functions pure water has in life.
体内含有过多矿物质的水会给人体造成不必要的负担,而且有的矿物质人体不一定能吸收,如果长期积聚体内,会直接影响人体健康。
The body with too much mineral water can cause unnecessary burden to the human body, and some minerals can not absorb the body, if long accumulated in the body, it will directly affect the health of the human body.
但是纯净水短时间内能够帮助排泄人体内的毒素,长期饮用时可能会导致体内铅的含量超标。因为钙和铅在人体中是竞争关系,一方增多,另一方就会减少,反之,一方减少,另一方就会增多,纯净水中没有钙,人体就会吸收大量的铅,从而导致人体内含铅量超标。
However, pure water can help to excrete toxins in the body in a short time, which may lead to excessive levels of lead in the body. Because calcium and lead are competitive in the human body, one side increases, the other will decrease. On the other hand, the other side decreases, the other will increase, the pure water has no calcium, and the body will absorb a large amount of lead, which leads to the excess lead in the body.
过滤纯净水的逆渗透膜虽然去除了水中的细菌杂质,但也把水中的对人体有益的微量元素过滤掉了,长期饮用会导人体的微量元素缺乏,引起少年儿童发育不良,引起老年人的各种微量元素缺乏症。
Although the reverse osmosis membrane filtration of pure water has removed the bacterial impurities in the water, it has also filtered out the beneficial trace elements in the water. Long term drinking will lead to the lack of trace elements in the human body, causing children's dysplasia and causing a variety of trace element deficiency in the elderly.
纯净水与纯水的主要区别是:
The main difference between pure water and pure water is:
从学术角度讲,纯水又名高纯水,是指化学纯度极高的水,其主要应用在生物、 化学化工、冶金、宇航、电力等领域,但其对水质纯度要求相当高,所以一般应用最普遍的还是电子工业。例如电力系统所用的纯水,要求各杂质含量低达到“微克/升”级。
From the academic point of view, pure water, also known as high purity water, refers to water with high chemical purity, which is mainly used in the fields of biology, chemistry, metallurgy, aerospace, electricity and so on. But the purity of water is very high, so it is generally used most commonly in the electronics industry. For example, pure water used in power system requires low content of impurities to reach the "microgram / liter" level.
在纯水的制作中,水质标准所规定的各项指标应该根据电子(微电子)元器件(或材料)的生产工艺而定(如普遍认为造成电路性能破坏的颗粒物质的尺寸为其线宽的1/5-1/10),但由于微电子技术的复杂性和影响产品质量的因素繁多,至今尚无一份由工艺试验得到的适用于某种电路生产的完整的水质标准。电子级水标准也在不断地修订,而且高纯水分析领域的许多突破和发展,新的仪器和新分析方法的不断应用都为制水工艺的发展创造了条件。
In the production of pure water, the indicators stipulated in the water quality standards should be based on the production process of electronic (Microelectronic) components (or materials) (such as 1/5-1/10, which is generally considered to cause the damage of the circuit properties to its line width), but because of the complexity of microelectronic technology and the various factors affecting the quality of the product, There is not a complete water quality standard which is suitable for some kind of circuit production. Electronic grade water standards are also constantly revised, and many breakthroughs and development in the field of high purity water analysis, the continuous application of new instruments and new analytical methods have created conditions for the development of water making technology.
在高纯水的国家标准为:GB1146.1-89至GB1146.11-89[168],目前我国高纯水的标准将电子级水分为五个级别:Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级和Ⅴ级,该标准是参照ASTM电子级标准而制定的。
The national standard of high pure water is: GB1146.1-89 to GB1146.11-89[168]. At present, the standard of high pure water in our country will be five levels of electronic grade water: Grade I, II, III, IV and v. The standard is based on the standard of ASTM electronic grade.
高纯水的水质标准中所规定的各项指标的主要依据有:1.微电子工艺对水质的要求;2.制水工艺的水平;3.检测技术的现状。
The main basis of the indexes stipulated in the water quality standard of high pure water include the requirements of 1. microelectronic technology for water quality, the level of the 2. water making process, and the status of the 3. detection technology.
高纯水的生产过程中,水中的阴、阳离子可用电渗析法、反渗透法及离子交换树脂技术等去除
In the production process of high purity water, the anion and cation in water can be removed by electrodialysis, reverse osmosis and ion exchange resin technology.
水中的颗粒一般可用超过滤、膜过滤等技术去除
Particles in water can be removed by ultrafiltration, membrane filtration and so on.
水中的细菌,目前国内多采用加药或紫外灯照射或臭氧杀菌的方法去除
Bacteria in water are mostly removed by adding or ultraviolet irradiation or ozone sterilization.
水中的TOC则一般用活性炭、反渗透处理。
TOC in water is usually treated with activated carbon and reverse osmosis.
在高纯水应用的领域中,水的纯度直接关系到器件的性能、可靠性、阈值电压,导致低击穿,产生缺陷,还影响材料的少子寿命,因此高纯水要求具有相当高的纯度和精度。
In the field of high purity water applications, the purity of water is directly related to the performance, reliability and threshold voltage of the device, resulting in low breakdown, defects and less life of the material. Therefore, high purity water requires a fairly high purity and precision.
高纯水不能作为饮用水的原因主要是,天然水中溶解的气体主要有O2、CO2、SO2和少量的CH4、氡气、氯气等,在高纯水的生产过程中,还必需去除这类的气体。为了有效的去除杂质,在生产高纯水的过程中,加入了一些化学杀菌剂,如甲醛、双氧水、次氯酸钠等。
The main reason why high purity water can not be used as drinking water is that the dissolved gases in natural water are mainly O2, CO2, SO2 and a small amount of CH4, radon and chlorine gas. In the production process of high pure water, it is necessary to remove this kind of gas. In order to remove impurities effectively, some chemical fungicides were added in the process of producing high purity water, such as formaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite and so on. |
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